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Exam 1 Review Sheet (100 points)The exam is made up of 50 questions (19 matching, 14 true/false, 11 multiple choice, 6 passage-based) worth 2 points each. Questions for the exam will be taken from lecture and reading material. Understanding the following concepts will prepare you for the exam. Know who the following people/concepts were and what they did. Abraham Abulafia Dante Alighiere Where does American Structuralism fall in the context of the Behaviorism/Empiricism debate? Ars Magna (who wrote it, what was it, and what were its aims?) Leonard Bloomfield (American Structuralist; founded the LSA) What school of thought (empiricism or rationalism) does Noam Chomsky belong to? Understand why. What was De Vulgari Eloquentia, and who wrote it? What was its contribution to modern linguistics? What is the significance of The International Language: Preface and Complete Manual (for Russians)? Know the three main forms of kabbalistic scriptural interpretation. Who was Athanasius Kircher, and what did he do for linguistics? Who was Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz? Know his contributions to modern linguistics in some detail. Who was Ramón Llull? What is Nostraticism and where did it originate? What is Plato's contribution to linguistic philosophy? Who was Guillame de Postel and what was his contribution to linguistic thought? What is predicate calculus, and who originated this concept? Why is it significant to linguistics? What was Ferdinand de Saussure's contribution to modern linguistics? Who was B.F. Skinner, and why is he significant to our discussion? What is Syntactic Structures, and why is it such as important work in linguistics? Understand the following concepts. A Priori Philosophical Languages versus A Posteriori Philosophical Languages (understand well) International Auxiliary Languages (are they a priori or a posteriori?; what is their purpose?) From which language groups was Esperanto derived? What's the difference between Single Articulation and Double Articulation? Who were the kabbalists? Port Royal & Descartes: who did they influence? What are primitives? What is Nostraticism, and where did it originate? Who came up with the idea of binary logic? How did he come up with it? Did Lull's combinatorial apparatus actually work? How is Dante's thought related to Chomsky and Saussure? What does empiricist philosophy say about how human knowledge is gained? What does rationalist philosophy say about how human knowledge is gained? How did Immanuel Kant say about how human knowledge is gained? What is the idea of hypertext and who came up with it? |
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