[2011-06-30 – This document is reproduced with permission of the Localization Industry Standards Association. All emendations to the original text are indicated by striking through the original text and inserting new text in red bold face in square brackets.]
[Note: This document introduces no technical changes to the TMX Standard with respect to the versions published on the LISA Website. All changes relate to locations of files on the Internet and to copyright licences.]
[The following changes to the copyright and license agreement are made with the permission of the LISA Board and Director as part of dissolution proceedings for the Localization Industry Standards Association.
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Under the following conditions:
With the understanding that:
Note that LISA retains all rights to the LISA logo and TMX logo, which may not be used without written permission from LISA. For information on these and other assets, please contact Mr. Micheal Anobile (micheal_anobile@yahoo.com). Note that this limitation does not affect previously granted rights to use the TMX logo.]
Copyright © The Localisation Industry Standards Association [LISA] 1997-2004. All Rights Reserved.
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The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by LISA or its successors or assigns.
[All inquiries concerning rights not addressed in the emended license agreement above should be sent to Mr. Micheal Anobile at micheal_anobile@yahoo.com.]
This document defines the Translation Memory eXchange format (TMX). The purpose of the TMX format is to provide a standard method to describe translation memory data that is being exchanged among tools and/or translation vendors, while introducing little or no loss of critical data during the process.
This OSCAR Recommendation was approved for publication by the OSCAR Steering Committee. It is a stable document which represents the consensus of the committee. Comments may be sent to oscar.standards@gmail.com.
TMX is defined in two parts:
<tu> element).<seg>
element. See the section Content Markup for more details.TMX offers two levels of implementation:
<seg> element is plain text, without Content
Markup. This level is enough when the data do not have inline codes, for
example software messages. It is not sufficient for documentation-type
formats.The information on how the translation units have been segmented is carried in a separate document: a Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX) file.
See the section Level 2 Implementation for more details.
TMX is XML-compliant. It also uses various ISO standards for date/time, language codes, and country codes. See the References section for more details.
TMX files are intended to be created automatically by export routines and processed automatically by import routines. TMX files are "well-formed" XML documents that can be processed without explicit reference to the TMX DTD. However, a "valid" TMX file must conform to the TMX DTD, and any suspicious TMX file should be verified against the TMX DTD using a validating XML parser.
Since XML syntax is case sensitive, any XML application must define casing conventions. All elements and attributes names of TMX are defined in lowercase.
The TMX namespace is defined as "http://www.lisa.org/tmx14".
For example, if you want to use TMX in another XML document you
document would look something like:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<myformat>
<data>
<tmx xmlns="http://www.lisa.org/tmx14"
version="1.4">
... TMX data ...
</tmx>
</data>
</myformat>
TMX files are always in Unicode. They can use either of three encoding methods: UTF-16 (16-bit files), UTF-8 (8-bit files) or ISO-646 [a.k.a. US-ASCII] (7-bit files).
In all cases, unlike in HTML, only the following five character entity references are allowed: &
(&), < (<), > (>), '
('), and " ("). For 7-bit files, extended
(non-ASCII) characters are always represented by numeric character references.
For example: Ζ or Ζ for a GREEK
CAPITAL LETTER DELTA.
Since all XML processors must accept the UTF-8 and UTF-16 encodings and since US-ASCII is a subset of UTF-8, a TMX document can omit the encoding declaration in the XML declaration.
Note that UTF-16 files always start with the Unicode byte-order-mark (BOM) value: U+FEFF.
A TMX document is enclosed in a <tmx> root element. The
<tmx> element contains two elements: <header> and
<body>.
The <header> contains meta-data
about the document. In addition to its attributes, <header>
can also
store document-level information in <note> and
<prop> elements. It
is also in this element that any user-defined characters can be listed, using <ude>
elements.
The <body> contains the collection of
translation units (the <tu> elements).
This collection is in no specific
order.
Each <tu> element contains at least one translation unit variant, the
<tuv>
element. Each <tuv> contains the segment and the information pertaining
to that segment for a given language.
The text itself is stored in the <seg>
element, while <note> and <prop>
allow you to store information
specific to each <tuv>.
A segment can contain markup content elements: The <bpt>,
<ept>, <it>,
and <ph> elements allow you to encapsulate
original native inline codes. The <hi>
element allows you to add extra markup not related to existing inline codes.
And the <sub> element, used inside
encapsulated inline code, allows you to delimits embedded text.
See the Sample Document section for an example of TMX document.
TMX elements are divided into two main categories: the structural elements
(the container), and the inline elements (the content markup).
| Structural elements | <body>, <header>,
<map/>,
<note>, <prop>,
<seg>, <tmx>,
<tu>, <tuv>,
<ude>. |
| Inline elements | <bpt>,
<ept>, <hi>,
<it>, <ph>, <sub>,
<ut>. |
The structural elements are the following:
Body - The <body> element encloses
the main data, the set of <tu> elements that are comprised
within the file.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
None.
Contents:
Zero, one or more <tu> elements.
File header - The <header> element contains
information pertaining to the whole document.
Required attributes:
creationtool,
creationtoolversion, segtype,
o-tmf, adminlang,
srclang, datatype.
Optional attributes:
o-encoding,
creationdate, creationid,
changedate, changeid.
Contents:
Zero, one or more <note>,
<ude>, or <prop>
elements in any order.
Map - The <map/> element is used to
specify a user-defined character and some of its properties.
Required attributes:
Optional attributes:
code, ent and
subst.
At least one of these attributes should be specified. If the
code
attribute is specified, the parent <ude> element must specify a
base
attribute.
Contents:
Empty.
Note - The <note> element is used for
comments.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Text.
Property - The <prop> element is used
to define the various properties of the parent element (or of the document when
<prop> is used in the
<header> element). These properties are not
defined by the standard.
As your tool is fully responsible for handling the content of a
<prop> element you can use it in any way you wish.
For example the content can be a list of instructions your tool can parse, not
only a simple text.
<prop type="user-defined">name:domain value:Computer science</prop> <prop type="x-domain">Computer science</prop>
It is the responsibility of each tool provider to publish the types and
values of the properties it uses. If the tool exports unpublished properties
types, their values should begin with the prefix "x-".
Required attributes:
type.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Tool-specific data or text.
Segment - The <seg> element contains
the text of the given segment. There is no length limitation to the content of a <seg>
element. All spacing and line-breaking characters are significant within a <seg> element.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
None.
Contents:
Text data (without leading or trailing white spaces
characters),
Zero, one or more of the following elements: <bpt>,
<ept>,
<it>, <ph>, and <hi>.
They can be in any order, except that each <bpt> element must have a
subsequent corresponding <ept> element.
TMX document - The <tmx> element
encloses all the other elements of the document.
Required attributes:
Contents:
One <header> followed by
One <body> element.
Translation unit - The <tu>
element contains the data for a given translation unit.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
tuid,
o-encoding, datatype,
usagecount,
lastusagedate,
creationtool,
creationtoolversion,
creationdate, creationid,
changedate,
segtype, changeid,
o-tmf, srclang.
Contents:
Zero, one or more <note>, or
<prop> elements in any order, followed by
One or more <tuv> elements.
Logically, a complete translation-memory database will contain at least two <tuv>
elements in each translation unit.
Translation Unit Variant - The <tuv> element
specifies text in a given language.
Required attributes:
Optional attributes:
o-encoding,
datatype, usagecount,
lastusagedate,
creationtool,
creationtoolversion,
creationdate, creationid,
changedate,
changeid, o-tmf.
Contents:
Zero, one or more <note>, or
<prop>
elements in any order, followed by
One <seg> element.
User-Defined Encoding - The <ude>
element is used to specify a set of user-defined characters and/or, optionally
their mapping from Unicode to the user-defined encoding.
Required attributes:
name.
Optional attributes:
base (required if one or more of the
<map/>
elements contains a code attribute).
Contents:
One or more <map/> elements.
The inline elements are the elements that can appear inside the a segment.
With the exception of the <hi> and <sub> element, they all enclose or replace any formatting or
control codes that is not text but resides within the segment. See also the
Content Markup section for more
information.
The inline elements are the following:
Begin paired tag - The <bpt> element is
used to delimit the beginning of a paired sequence of native codes. Each
<bpt> has a corresponding <ept> element
within the segment.
Required attributes:
i.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Code data,
Zero, one or more <sub> elements.
End paired tag - The <ept> element is used
to delimit the end of a paired sequence of native codes. Each <ept>
has a corresponding <bpt> element within the
segment.
Required attributes:
i.
Optional attributes:
None.
Contents:
Code data,
Zero, one or more <sub> elements.
Highlight - The <hi> element delimits a
section of text that has special meaning, such as a terminological unit, a
proper name, an item that should not be modified, etc. It can be used for
various processing tasks. For example, to indicate to a Machine Translation
tool proper names that should not be translated; for terminology verification,
to mark suspect expressions after a grammar checking.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Text data,
Zero, one or more of the following elements: <bpt>,
<ept>,
<it>, <ph>, and <hi>.
They can be in any order, except that each <bpt> element must have a
subsequent corresponding <ept> element.
Isolated tag - The <it> element is used to
delimit a beginning/ending sequence of native codes that does not have its
corresponding ending/beginning within the segment.
Required attributes:
pos.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Code data,
Zero, one or more <sub> elements.
Placeholder - The <ph> element is used
to delimit a sequence of native standalone codes in the segment.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Code data,
Zero, one or more <sub> elements.
Sub-flow - The <sub> element is used to
delimit sub-flow text inside a sequence of native code, for example: the
definition of a footnote or the text of title in a HTML anchor element.
Here are some examples (translatable text underlined, sub-flow is bolded):
Footnote in RTF:
Original RTF:
Elephants{\cs16\super \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain
\s15\widctlpar \f4\fs20
{\cs16\super \chftn } An elephant is a very
large animal.}} are big.
TMX with content mark-up:
Elephants<ph type="fnote">{\cs16\super \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain
\s15\widctlpar \f4\fs20
{\cs16\super \chftn } <sub>An elephant is a very
large animal.</sub>}}</ph> are big.
Index marker in RTF:
Original RTF:
Elephants{\pard\plain \widctlpar
\v\f4\fs20 {\xe {Big animal\bxe }}} are big.
TMX with content mark-up:
Elephants<ph type="index">{\pard\plain \widctlpar
\v\f4\fs20 {\xe {<sub>Big animal</sub>\bxe }}}</ph> are big.
Text of an attribute in a HTML element:
Original HTML: See the <A TITLE="Go to Notes" HREF="notes.htm">Notes</A> for more details. TMX with content mark-up: See the <bpt i="1" type="link"><A TITLE="<sub>Go to Notes</sub>" HREF="notes.htm"></bpt>Notes<ept i="1"></A></ept> for more details.
Note that sub-flow are related to segmentation and can cause interoperability issues when one tool uses sub-flow within its main segment, while another extract the sub-flow text as an independent segment.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
Contents:
Text data,
Zero, one or more of the following elements: <bpt>,
<ept>,
<it>, <ph>, and <hi>.
They can be in any order, except that each <bpt>
element must have a
subsequent corresponding <ept> element.
Unknown Tag - The <ut> element is used
to delimit a sequence of native unknown codes in the segment.
This element has been DEPRECATED. Use the guidelines
outlined in the Rules for Inline Elements
section to choose which inline element to used instead of <ut>.
Required attributes:
None.
Optional attributes:
x.
Contents:
Code data,
Zero, one or more <sub> elements.
This section lists the various attributes used in the TMX elements.
Administrative language - Specifies the default language
for the administrative and informative elements <note> and
<prop>.
Value description:
A language code as described in the [RFC
3066]. Unlike the other TMX attributes, the values for adminlang
are not
case-sensitive.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Association - Indicates the association of a
<ph> with the text prior or after.
Value description:
"p" (the element is associated with the text
preceding the element), "f" (the element is associated with
the text following the element), or "b" (the element is
associated with the text on both sides).
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
<ph>.
Base encoding - Specifies the encoding upon which the
re-mapping of the <ude> element is based.
Value description:
One of the [IANA] recommended "charset identifier", if possible.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Change date - Specifies the date of the last modification of the element.
Value description:
Date in [ISO 8601] Format. The
recommended pattern to use is: YYYYMMDDThhmmssZ
Where: YYYY is the year (4 digits), MM is the month
(2 digits), DD is the day (2 digits), hh is the hours
(2 digits), mm is the minutes (2 digits), ss is the
second (2 digits), and Z indicates the time is UTC time. For
example:
date="20020125T210600Z" is January 25, 2002 at 9:06pm GMT is January 25, 2002 at 2:06pm US Mountain Time is January 26, 2002 at 6:06am Japan time
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Change identifier - Specifies the identifier of the user who modified the element last.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Code - Specifies, in a user-defined encoding, the
code-point value corresponding to the unicode
character of a given <map/> element.
Value description:
Hexadecimal value prefixed with "#x".
For example: code="#x9F".
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Creation date - Specifies the date of creation of the element.
Value description:
Date in [ISO 8601] Format. The
recommended pattern to use is: YYYYMMDDThhmmssZ
Where: YYYY is the year (4 digits), MM is the month
(2 digits), DD is the day (2 digits), hh is the hours
(2 digits), mm is the minutes (2 digits), ss is the
second (2 digits), and Z indicates the time is UTC time. For
example:
date="20020125T210600Z" is January 25, 2002 at 9:06pm GMT is January 25, 2002 at 2:06pm US Mountain Time is January 26, 2002 at 6:06am Japan time
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Creation identifier - Specifies the identifier of the user who created the element.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Creation tool - Identifies the tool that created the TMX document. Its possible values are not specified by the standard but each tool provider should publish the string identifier it uses.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Creation tool version - Identifies the version of the tool that created the TMX document. Its possible values are not specified by the standard but each tool provider should publish the string identifier it uses.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Data type - Specifies the type of data contained in the element. Depending on that type, you may apply different processes to the data.
Value description:
Text. The recommended values for the datatype attribute
are as follow (this list is not exhaustive):
- "unknown" = undefined (default)
- "alptext" = WinJoust data.
- "cdf" = Channel Definition Format.
- "cmx" = Corel CMX Format.
- "cpp" = C and C++ style text.
- "hptag" = HP-Tag.
- "html" = HTML, DHTML, etc.
- "interleaf" = Interleaf documents.
- "ipf" = IPF/BookMaster.
- "java" = Java, source and property files.
- "javascript" = JavaScript, ECMAScript scripts.
- "lisp" = Lisp.
- "mif" = Framemaker MIF, MML, etc.
- "opentag" = OpenTag data.
- "pascal" = Pascal, Delphi style text.
- "plaintext" = Plain text.
- "pm" = PageMaker.
- "rtf" = Rich Text Format.
- "sgml" = SGML.
- "stf-f" = S-Tagger for FrameMaker.
- "stf-i" = S-Tagger for Interleaf.
- "transit" = Transit data.
- "vbscript" = Visual Basic scripts.
- "winres" = Windows resources from RC, DLL, EXE.
- "xml" = XML.
- "xptag" = Quark XPressTag.
Default value:
"unknown".
Used in:
Entity - Specifies the entity name of the character
defined by a given <map/> element.
Value description:
Text in ASCII. For example: ent="copy".
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Internal matching - The i attribute is used
to pair the <bpt> elements with <ept>
elements. This mechanism provides TMX with support to markup a possibly
overlapping range of codes. Such constructions are not
used often, however several formats allow them. For example, the following HTML
segment, even if not strictly legal, is accepted by some HTML editors and
usually interpreted correctly by the browsers.
For example:
[----------------------------]
<B>Bold <I>Bold and Italic</B> Italics</I>
[--------------------------------]
With the TMX content mark-up, since the <ept>
element does not have a type, it can be difficult to know which sequence of
codes it closes as illustrated by the following segment:
TMX (with incomplete content mark-up): <bpt><B></bpt>Bold, <bpt><I></bpt>Bold+Italic<ept></B></ept>, Italic<ept></I></ept>
The attribute i is used to specify which
<ept> is closing which <bpt>:
TMX (with correct content mark-up): <bpt i="1" x="1"><B></bpt>Bold, <bpt i="2" x="1"><I></bpt>Bold+Italic<ept i="1"></B></ept>, Italic<ept i="2"></I></ept>
Value description:
Number. Must be unique for each <bpt>
within a given <seg> element.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Last usage date - Specifies when the last time the
content of a <tu> or <tuv>
element was used in the original translation memory environment.
Value description:
Date in [ISO 8601] Format. The
recommended pattern to use is: YYYYMMDDThhmmssZ
Where: YYYY is the year (4 digits), MM is the month
(2 digits), DD is the day (2 digits), hh is the hours
(2 digits), mm is the minutes (2 digits), ss is the
second (2 digits), and Z indicates the time is UTC time. For
example:
date="20020125T210600Z" is January 25, 2002 at 9:06pm GMT is January 25, 2002 at 2:06pm US Mountain Time is January 26, 2002 at 6:06am Japan time
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Name - Specifies the name of a <ude>
element. Its value is not defined by the standard, but tools providers should
publish the values they use.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Original encoding - As stated in the Encoding
section, all TMX documents are in Unicode. However, it is sometimes useful to
know what code set was used to encode text that was converted to Unicode for
purposes of interchange. The o-encoding attribute specifies the
original or preferred code set of the data of the element in case it is to be
re-encoded in a non-Unicode code set.
Value description:
One of the [IANA] recommended "charset identifier", if possible.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
<header>, <tu>,
<tuv>, <note>,
<prop>.
Original translation memory format - Specifies the format of the translation memory file from which the TMX document or segment thereof have been generated.
Value description:
Text.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Position - Indicates whether an isolated tag
<it> is a beginning or and ending tag.
Value description:
"begin" or "end".
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
<it>.
Segment type - Specifies the kind of segmentation used in the
<tu> element. If a <tu>
element does not have a segtype attribute specified, it uses the
one defined in the <header> element.
The "block" value is used when the segment does not correspond
to one of the other values, for example when you want to store a chapter
composed of several paragraphs in a single <tu>.
<tu segtype="block"> <prop type="x-sentbreak">$#$</prop> <tuv xml:lang="en"><seg>This is the first paragraph of a big section.$#$ This is the second paragraph.$#$This is the third.</seg></tuv> </tu>
In the example above the property "x-sentbreak" defines the token
used to indicate the separation between sentences within the block of text. You
can therefore easily break down the segment into smaller units if needed. You
can imagine many other ways to use this mechanism.
A TMX file can include sentence level segmentation for maximum portability, so it is recommended that you use such segmentation rather than a specific, proprietary method like the one above.
The rules on how the text was segmented can be carried in a Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX) document.
Value description:
"block", "paragraph", "sentence",
or "phrase".
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Source language - Specifies the language of the source text. In other
words, the <tuv> holding the source segment
will have its xml:lang attribute set to
the same value as srclang. (except if srclang is set
to "*all*"). If a <tu> element does
not have a srclang attribute specified, it uses the one defined in
the <header> element.
Value description:
A language code as described in the [RFC
3066], or the value "*all*" if any language can be used as the
source language. Unlike the other TMX attributes, the values for srclang
are not
case-sensitive.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Substitution text - Specifies an alternative string for the character
defined in a given <map/> element.
Value description:
A text in ASCII. For example: subst="(c)" for the
copyright sign.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Translation unit identifier - Specifies an identifier for the
<tu> element. Its value is not defined by the standard
(it could be unique or not, numeric or alphanumeric, etc.).
Value description:
Text without white spaces.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
<tu>.
Type - Specifies the kind of data a
<prop>, <bpt>,
<ph>, <hi>,
<sub> or <it> element
represents.
"index" = Index marker "date" = Date "time" = Time "fnote" = Footnote "enote" = End-note "alt" = Alternate text "image" = Image "pb" = Page break "lb" = Line break "cb" = Column break "inset" = Inset
Value description:
Text. Depends on the element where the attribute is used.
The recommended values for the type attribute, when used in <bpt>
and <it> are as follow (this list is not
exhaustive):
- "bold" = Bold.
- "color" = Color change.
- "dulined" = Doubled-underlined.
- "font" = Font change.
- "italic" = Italic.
- "link" = Linked text.
- "scap" = Small caps.
- "struct" = XML/SGML structure.
- "ulined" = Underlined.
The recommended values for the type attribute, when used in <ph>
are as follow (this list is not exhaustive):
- "index" = Index marker.
- "date" = Date.
- "time" = Time.
- "fnote" = Footnote.
- "enote" = End-note.
- "alt" = Alternate text.
- "image" = Image.
- "pb" = Page break.
- "lb" = Line break.
- "cb" = Column break.
- "inset" = Inset.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
<prop>, <bpt>,
<ph>, <hi>,
<sub>, <it>
.
Unicode code-point - Specifies the Unicode character value of a
<map/> element. Its value must be a
Value description:
A valid Unicode value (including values in the Private Use
areas) in hexadecimal format. For example: unicode="#xF8FF".
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Usage count - Specifies the number of times a <tu>
or the content of the <tuv> element has been
accessed in the original TM environment.
Value description:
Number.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
TMX version - The version attribute indicates the version
of the TMX format to which the document conforms.
Value description:
Fixed text: the major version number, a period, and the minor
version number. For example: version="1.4".
Default value:
"1.4"
Used in:
External matching - The x attribute is used to match inline
elements <bpt>, <it>,
<ph>, and <hi>
between each <tuv> element of a given
<tu> element. This mechanism facilitates the pairing
of allied codes in source and target text, even if the order of code occurrence
differs between the two because of the translation syntax. Note that an <ept>
element is matched based on x attribute of its corresponding
<bpt> element.
For example:
<seg>The <bpt i="1" x="1">{\b </bpt>black<ept i="1">}</ept>
<bpt i="2" x="2">{\i </bpt>cat<ept i="2">}</ept> eats.</seg>
<seg>Le <bpt i="1" x="2">{\i </bpt>chat<ept i="1">}</ept>
<bpt i="2" x="1">{\b </bpt>noir<ept i="2">}</ept> mange.</seg>
Value description:
Number.
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Language - The xml:lang attribute
specifies the locale of the text of a given element.
Value description:
A language code as described in the [RFC
3066].
This declared value is considered to apply to all elements within the content
of the element where it is specified, unless overridden with another instance
of the xml:lang attribute. Unlike the other TMX attributes, the values for xml:lang are not
case-sensitive. For more information see
the section on
xml:lang in the XML specification, and the
erratum E11 (which
replaces RFC 1766 by RFC 3066).
Default value:
Undefined.
Used in:
Each TM system uses a different method of marking up the formatting. Formats are constantly evolving, and new formats will be introduced on a regular basis. Attempting to collect, interpret, disseminate and maintain finite descriptions of each formatting tag used at any given time by any of the TM systems is not possible.
The best way to deal with these native codes is to delimit them by a specific set of elements that convey where they begin and end, and possibly additional information about what they are (bold, italic, footnote, etc.).
Native codes can be grouped into four categories:
Respectively, the TMX vocabulary provides elements to mark up each category of native code sequences:
<bpt> and <ept>
elements demark paired sequences of native code which begin and end in the
same <seg> element.<it> element demarks a paired native
code that is isolated from its partner, possibly due to segmentation.<ph> element demarks a standalone
native code or a native code that cannot be identified.An additional element, <sub>, is provided to
delimit sub-flow text within a sequence of native codes. For instance, if the
text content of a footnote is defined within the footnote marker code, it may
be demarked with the <sub> element.
The <ut>
element has been deprecated.
Examples:
Without Content mark-up tags:
Text in {\i italics}.
With Content mark-up tags (content markup in bold red):
Text in <bpt i="1" x="1" type="italic">{\i </bpt>italics<ept i="1">}</ept>.
Such a mechanism allows tools to perform matching at several levels:
<bpt>,
<ept>, <it>, and
<ph> elements) are.For example, here are four segments differing only by the formatting codes:
Plain text: Special text
RTF v1: {\b Special} text
RTF v2: {\cf7 Special} text
HTML: <B>Special</B> text
The same samples with the TMX content mark-up tags:
Plain text: Special text
RTF v1: <bpt i="1" x="1">{\b </bpt>Special<ept i="1">}</ept> text
RTF v2: <bpt i="1" x="1">{\cf7 </bpt>Special<ept i="1">}</ept> text
HTML: <bpt i="1" x="1"><B></bpt>Special<ept i="1"></B></ept> text
The rules to use the <bpt>,
<ept>, <it>, and
<ph> elements are the following:
<bpt> for opening each code that has a corresponding closing code in
the segment.
<ept> for closing each code that has a corresponding opening code in
the segment.<it> for opening or closing each code that has no corresponding
closing or opening code in the segment.<it> to encapsulate those codes.
<it> has a mandatory attribute
pos that should be set to "begin" or "end" depending on whether the isolated
code is an opening or a closing code.
<ph> for standalone codes.Examples:
The <bpt i="1" x="1"><i></bpt><bpt i="2" x="2"><b></bpt> big<ept i="2"></b></ept> black<ept i="1"></i></ept> cat. The icon <ph x="1"><img src="testNode.gif"/></ph> represents a conditional node.
TMX Level 2 is defined as follow:
The tool XYZ supports TMX Level 2 Export if any tool compliant with TMX Level 2 Import is able to load the TMX document created by tool XYZ and re-create the translated document without loss of text or inline codes.
The tool XYZ supports TMX Level 2 Import if it any TMX Level 2 document created with a tool compliant with TMX Level 2 Export can be imported in tool XYZ and allow to re-create the translated document without loss of text or inline codes.
A tools that offers both import and export features must support both TMX Level 2 Import and TMX Level 2 Export to be TMX Level 2 compliant.
Verification of compliance can be done using a set of original documents and their corresponding TMX Level 2 files, and executing the following steps for each test file:
ImportTestN.tmx)
corresponding to a give original file (ImportTestN.ext).ImportTestN.ext) using the
imported TM.ImportTestN_LANG.ext).ExportTestN.ext) with the tool.ExportTestNTool.tmx).ExportTestNTool.tmx)
and compare it the with its corresponding model TMX file (ExportTestN.tmx).A Compliance Kit, that includes TMXCheck, a set of test files, and a detailed process document, is provided so anyone can verify the compliance of a given tool.
<tu> ElementsIf you want to indicate that several <tu>
elements belong to a logical group, you can specify a
<prop> element for each of the <tu>
which comprise the group.
<tu> <prop type="group">1</prop> <tuv xml:lang="en"><seg>First segment</seg><tuv> <tuv xml:lang="fr"><seg>Premier segment</seg><tuv> </tu> <tu> <prop type="group">1</prop> <tuv xml:lang="en"><seg>Second segment</seg><tuv> <tuv xml:lang="fr"><seg>Second segment</seg><tuv> </tu>
TMX does not implement the notion of order. If the order of the
<tu> elements is relevant, you may want to use the
tuid attribute or a
<prop> element to reflect it. For example:
<tu> <!-- Group 1, first item --> <prop type="group">1-1</prop> <tuv xml:lang="en"><seg>First segment</seg><tuv> <tuv xml:lang="fr"><seg>Premier segment</seg><tuv> </tu> <tu> <!-- Group 1, second item --> <prop type="group">1-2</prop> <tuv xml:lang="en"><seg>Second segment</seg><tuv> <tuv xml:lang="fr"><seg>Second segment</seg><tuv> </tu>
Keeping track of how <tu>
or <tuv> elements are grouped is not part of
TMX's original design.
Notational conventions: The restrictions on the number of occurrences of each element and whether an attribute is mandatory within an element are indicated by:
BOLD for the items that are mandatory. ITALIC for the items that can be specified zero or one times. NORMAL for the items that can be specified zero, one or more times. In this example of a TMX document the indentations are only there for ease of reading, and the different types of notation are mixed to illustrate the various possibilities.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!-- Example of TMX document -->
<tmx version="1.4">
<header
creationtool="XYZTool"
creationtoolversion="1.01-023"
datatype="PlainText"
segtype="sentence"
adminlang="en-us"
srclang="EN"
o-tmf="ABCTransMem"
creationdate="20020101T163812Z"
creationid="ThomasJ"
changedate="20020413T023401Z"
changeid="Amity"
o-encoding="iso-8859-1"
>
<note>This is a note at document level.</note>
<prop type="RTFPreamble">{\rtf1\ansi\tag etc...{\fonttbl}</prop>
<ude name="MacRoman" base="Macintosh">
<map unicode="#xF8FF" code="#xF0" ent="Apple_logo" subst="[Apple]"/>
</ude>
</header>
<body>
<tu
tuid="0001"
datatype="Text"
usagecount="2"
lastusagedate="19970314T023401Z"
>
<note>Text of a note at the TU level.</note>
<prop type="x-Domain">Computing</prop>
<prop type="x-Project">Pægasus</prop>
<tuv
xml:lang="EN"
creationdate="19970212T153400Z"
creationid="BobW"
>
<seg>data (with a non-standard character: ).</seg>
</tuv>
<tuv
xml:lang="FR-CA"
creationdate="19970309T021145Z"
creationid="BobW"
changedate="19970314T023401Z"
changeid="ManonD"
>
<prop type="Origin">MT</prop>
<seg>données (avec un caractère non standard: ).</seg>
</tuv>
</tu>
<tu
tuid="0002"
srclang="*all*"
>
<prop type="Domain">Cooking</prop>
<tuv xml:lang="EN">
<seg>menu</seg>
</tuv>
<tuv xml:lang="FR-CA">
<seg>menu</seg>
</tuv>
<tuv xml:lang="FR-FR">
<seg>menu</seg>
</tuv>
</tu>
</body>
</tmx>
The document type definition file for TMX is available at: http://www.lisa.org/tmx/tmx15.dtd.
The changes in this version (1.4b) relative to the previous version (1.3) are as follows:
<ut> element.x required instead of optional.i
attributes in <bpt> elements within each <seg>
element.Additional changes for version 1.4a:
x to optional.Additional changes for version 1.4b:
<bpt> definition that
listed the x attribute in as required
attribute (Apr-26-2005 revision)
-end-